{"id":59,"date":"2009-08-20T09:37:54","date_gmt":"2009-08-20T09:37:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/jobshuk.com\/yirmi\/2009\/08\/20\/developing-multilingual-websites-using-php-part-2-database-connection-character-sets-for-mysql\/"},"modified":"2009-08-20T09:37:54","modified_gmt":"2009-08-20T09:37:54","slug":"developing-multilingual-websites-using-php-part-2-database-connection-character-sets-for-mysql","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jobshuk.com\/yirmi\/2009\/08\/20\/developing-multilingual-websites-using-php-part-2-database-connection-character-sets-for-mysql\/","title":{"rendered":"Developing multilingual websites using PHP, part 2 \u2013 database connection character sets for MySQL"},"content":{"rendered":"

The problem <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ok.  <\/span>I did everything it said in the previous article, and both my database and my site are working in UTF-8.  <\/span>Still, anything in Hebrew I enter into PHPMyAdmin comes up as question marks on my site.  <\/span>If I enter in data from the website, it comes up as gibberish on PHPMyAdmin.  <\/span>When I change character coding in my browser from UTF-8 to Hebrew-ISO (ISO 8859-8) or Hebrew-Windows (Windows 1255), the data is displayed correctly.  <\/span>Which is incorrectly handling UTF-8, my website, or PHPMyAdmin?<\/font><\/p>\n

The solution – set the correct database connection character set <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The database connection character  <\/span>set, or “client encoding”, is the character set that the client uses, which does not have to be the same as the server encoding.  <\/span>For example, one can have a website that is rendered in Hebrew-ISO characters, while the database uses UTF-8.  <\/span>If the client encoding is set to “hebrew”, the SQL queries will use Hebrew-ISO characters, which will be translated into UTF-8 characters on the server.<\/font><\/p>\n

The function to check the client encoding is <\/font>mysql_client_encoding()<\/font><\/span><\/a>, and the function to change the client encoding is <\/font>mysql_set_charset()<\/font><\/span><\/a>.  <\/span>Regardless of how the database is configured, the default client encoding is “latin1”.  <\/span>The possible values are listed at the end of the article.<\/font><\/p>\n

Hence, if you want the site to be displayed with the Hebrew-ISO character set, after you connect to the database, you should call the following command in PHP:<\/font><\/p>\n

mysql_set_charset(‘hebrew’); <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

If the site is displayed using the UTF-8 character set, then you can use the following command instead:<\/font><\/p>\n

mysql_set_charset(‘utf8’); <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/font><\/p>\n

Valid values for the database connection character set <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/span>(from <\/font><\/font>http:\/\/bugs.php.net\/bug.php?id=45921<\/font><\/a>, can be derived by the SQL statement “<\/font>show character set<\/span>”)<\/font><\/p>\n

+———-+—————————–+———————+——– <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

+ <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| Charset  <\/span>| Description                 <\/span>| Default collation   <\/span>| Maxlen <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

+———-+—————————–+———————+——– <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

+ <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| big5     <\/span>| Big5 Traditional Chinese    <\/span>| big5_chinese_ci     <\/span>|      <\/span>2 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| dec8     <\/span>| DEC West European           <\/span>| dec8_swedish_ci     <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| cp850    <\/span>| DOS West European           <\/span>| cp850_general_ci    <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| hp8      <\/span>| HP West European            <\/span>| hp8_english_ci      <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| koi8r    <\/span>| KOI8-R Relcom Russian       <\/span>| koi8r_general_ci    <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| latin1   <\/span>| cp1252 West European        <\/span>| latin1_swedish_ci   <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| latin2   <\/span>| ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci   <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| swe7     <\/span>| 7bit Swedish                <\/span>| swe7_swedish_ci     <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| ascii    <\/span>| US ASCII                    <\/span>| ascii_general_ci    <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| ujis     <\/span>| EUC-JP Japanese             <\/span>| ujis_japanese_ci    <\/span>|      <\/span>3 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| sjis     <\/span>| Shift-JIS Japanese          <\/span>| sjis_japanese_ci    <\/span>|      <\/span>2 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| hebrew   <\/span>| ISO 8859-8 Hebrew           <\/span>| hebrew_general_ci   <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| tis620   <\/span>| TIS620 Thai                 <\/span>| tis620_thai_ci      <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| euckr    <\/span>| EUC-KR Korean               <\/span>| euckr_korean_ci     <\/span>|      <\/span>2 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| koi8u    <\/span>| KOI8-U Ukrainian            <\/span>| koi8u_general_ci    <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| gb2312   <\/span>| GB2312 Simplified Chinese   <\/span>| gb2312_chinese_ci   <\/span>|      <\/span>2 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| greek    <\/span>| ISO 8859-7 Greek            <\/span>| greek_general_ci    <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| cp1250   <\/span>| Windows Central European    <\/span>| cp1250_general_ci   <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| gbk      <\/span>| GBK Simplified Chinese      <\/span>| gbk_chinese_ci      <\/span>|      <\/span>2 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| latin5   <\/span>| ISO 8859-9 Turkish          <\/span>| latin5_turkish_ci   <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian          <\/span>| armscii8_general_ci |      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| utf8     <\/span>| UTF-8 Unicode               <\/span>| utf8_general_ci     <\/span>|      <\/span>3 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| ucs2     <\/span>| UCS-2 Unicode       <\/span>        <\/span>| ucs2_general_ci     <\/span>|      <\/span>2 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| cp866    <\/span>| DOS Russian                 <\/span>| cp866_general_ci    <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| keybcs2  <\/span>| DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak  <\/span>| keybcs2_general_ci  <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| macce    <\/span>| Mac Central European        <\/span>| macce_general_ci    <\/span>|   <\/span>   <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| macroman | Mac West European           <\/span>| macroman_general_ci |      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| cp852    <\/span>| DOS Central European        <\/span>| cp852_general_ci    <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| latin7   <\/span>| ISO 8859-13 Baltic          <\/span>| latin7_general_ci   <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| cp1251   <\/span>| Windows Cyrillic            <\/span>| cp1251_general_ci   <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| cp1256   <\/span>| Windows Arabic              <\/span>| cp1256_general_ci   <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| cp1257   <\/span>| Windows Baltic              <\/span>| cp1257_general_ci   <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| binary   <\/span>| Binary pseudo charset       <\/span>| binary            <\/span>  <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| geostd8  <\/span>| GEOSTD8 Georgian            <\/span>| geostd8_general_ci  <\/span>|      <\/span>1 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| cp932    <\/span>| SJIS for Windows Japanese   <\/span>| cp932_japanese_ci   <\/span>|      <\/span>2 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| eucjpms  <\/span>| UJIS for Windows Japanese   <\/span>| eucjpms_japanese_ci |      <\/span>3 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

| <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

+———-+—————————–+———————+——– <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The problem     Ok.  I did everything it said in the previous article, and both my database and my site are working in UTF-8.  Still, anything in Hebrew I enter into PHPMyAdmin comes up as question marks on my site.  If I enter in data from the website, it comes up as gibberish on … <\/p>\n

Continue reading “Developing multilingual websites using PHP, part 2 \u2013 database connection character sets for MySQL”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n","protected":false},"author":375,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[18,19,25,26,27,28,29,5,30,13,20,31,32,21,33,34,6,22,35,36,37,23,38,17,24,8],"class_list":["post-59","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-18","tag-8859-8","tag-character","tag-client","tag-connection","tag-database","tag-encoding","tag-fischer","tag-gibberish","tag-hebrew","tag-iso","tag-latin1","tag-marks","tag-mysql","tag-mysql_client_encoding","tag-mysql_set_charset","tag-php","tag-phpmyadmin","tag-question","tag-set","tag-show","tag-utf-8","tag-utf8","tag-website","tag-windows","tag-yirmiyahu","entry"],"yoast_head":"\nDeveloping multilingual websites using PHP, part 2 \u2013 database connection character sets for MySQL - 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